The Lok Sabha, or House of the People, is the lower house of the Indian Parliament. Often referred to as the heart of Indian democracy, it wields significant powers that shape the nation’s political landscape. Let’s look at the numerous aspects of power given to the Lok Sabha.
Legislative Powers
Lawmaking: The Lok Sabha enjoys the exclusive power to initiate and pass ordinary bills, covering a wide range of subjects. These bills can become laws after approval by the Rajya Sabha (upper house) and assent from the President.
Constitutional Amendments: The Lok Sabha plays a crucial role in amending the Indian Constitution. While both houses have the power to initiate such bills, a majority of the total membership and a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting in the Lok Sabha are required for passage.
Financial Bills: The Lok Sabha has exclusive control over all money bills, which deal with taxation and government spending. The Rajya Sabha can only offer recommendations, which the Lok Sabha is not bound to accept.
Executive Powers
Formation of Government: The Lok Sabha plays a pivotal role in the formation of the government. The party or coalition with a majority of seats in the Lok Sabha enjoys the right to form the government, with the leader becoming the Prime Minister.
No-Confidence Motion: The Lok Sabha can express its lack of confidence in the government by passing a no-confidence motion. If the motion is passed, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers are forced to resign.
Oversight Powers
Question Hour: This daily session allows members of the Lok Sabha to question ministers on various government policies and programs, ensuring transparency and accountability.
Adjournment Motions: Members can raise urgent matters of public importance through adjournment motions, prompting immediate discussion and government response.
Committees: The Lok Sabha forms various committees to scrutinize government activities, investigate specific issues, and recommend improvements.
Judicial Powers: Impeachment
The Lok Sabha has the power to initiate impeachment proceedings against the President for violation of the Constitution. However, a conviction requires a two-thirds majority of both houses of Parliament.
The Lok Sabha’s powers are central to India’s democratic structure. It acts as a legislative powerhouse, shapes the executive branch, and ensures accountability through its oversight functions. By wielding these powers effectively, the Lok Sabha strives to represent the will of the people and serve the nation’s best interests.